Estoppel refers to a legal principle that prevents someone from arguing something or asserting a right that contradicts what they previously said or agreed to by law. Simply put, estoppel prevents one person from contradicting an action or statement from the past. It is a legal bar to allege or deny a fact because of one's own previous actions or words to the contrary.

According to Black's Law Dictionary, estoppel is a bar or impediment which precludes allegation or denial of a certain fact or state of facts, in consequence of a previous allegation or denial or conduct or admission, or in consequence of a final adjudication of the matter in a court of law. A principle of common law, it is meant to prevent people from being unjustly wronged by the inconsistencies of another person's words or actions. Types of estoppels include collateral estoppel, equitable estoppel, and promissory estoppel. Estoppel certificates are commonly used in real estate and must be signed by tenants when the landlord is trying to conduct a transaction with the property.

According to the Black’s Law Dictionary, an alibi is a defense based on the physical impossibility of a defendant's guilt by placing the defendant in a location other than the scene of the crime at the relevant time. It is the fact or state of being elsewhere when an offense was committed. It is an excuse used by a person accused or suspected of a crime. In the original Latin, it means "in another place" which has to be the ultimate alibi.

When a person, charged with a crime, proves that he was, at the time alleged, in a different place from that in which it was committed, he is said to prove an alibi, the effect of which is to lay a foundation for the necessary inference, that he could not have committed it. The proof of which can be made by the testimony of witnesses or in writing.  

A “Record Label” or a Record Company is an entertainment company that manufactures, distributes, and promotes the music recordings of musicians that are affiliated with it. Record labels sell and promote the entertainment products of the artists that have signed contractual agreements with them. 

A Record Label can be incorporated as an entertainment company in Nigeria by following the provisions of the Companies and Allied Matters Act (2020). A Record Label may also take advantage of the provisions in the various entertainment laws in Nigeria like the Trademarks Act (1990) and the Copyrights Act (2004) to protect their entertainment products. 

Some examples of the major Record Labels in Nigeria include Mavin Records, Davido Music Worldwide (DMW), YBNL Records, and Spaceship Records.

The National Gallery of Art was established as a parastatal by Decree No. 86 of 1993 and the Amendment Act of 2004. The National Gallery of Art was established in response to the provisions of Nigeria’s Cultural Policy which was launched in 1988 in accordance with the recommendations of the committee of the World Decade for Cultural Development(WDCD) approved by UNESCO.

The main exhibition of the National Gallery of Art is the National Modern Gallery of Art located at the National Art Theatre, Iganmu, Lagos. The Gallery is responsible for acquiring and collecting Nigerian works of art, amongst other relevant duties related to the preservation of Nigerian works of art.

The Body of Benchers is the body with the highest distinction in the legalprofession in Nigeria responsible for the formal call to the Bar of personsseeking to become legal practitioners in Nigeria. The Body of Benchers is established under Section 3 of the LegalPractitioners Act (1962).

The Body of Benchers consists of the following members:
a) The Chief Justice of Nigeria and all the Justices of the Supreme Court.
b) The President of the Court of Appeal.
c) The Attorney-General of the Federation.
d) The Presiding Justices of the Court of Appeal Divisions.
e) The Chief Judge of the Federal High Court.

f) The Chief Judge of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja.
g) The Chief Judges of the States of the Federation.
In the amendment of the Legal Practitioners Act in 1990, the following other persons were made to constitute the Body of Benchers:

h) The Attorneys-General of the States of the Federation.
i) The President of the Nigerian Bar Association.
j) The Chairman of the Council of Legal Education.
k) Thirty legal practitioners nominated by the Nigerian Bar Association.
l) And not more than ten persons who appear to the Body of Benchers to be eminent members of the legal profession in Nigeria of not less than 15 years of post-call standing.

The Body of Benchers is a body corporate with perpetual succession and a common seal. 
The Chief Justice of Nigeria shall hold office as a Bencher for life. 
The Body of Benchers may make various regulations, including providing for an increase in its membership, the conferment of life membership on any Bencher, and providing for the appointment of any person of distinction in any country with an honorary member of the Body.

The current Chairman of the Body of Benchers is Chief Wole Olanipekun, CFR, SAN. The current Vice-Chairman of the Body of Benchers is Hon. Justice Mary U.Peter-Odili, CFR. To know more about the Body of Benchers see Section 3 of the Legal Practitioners Act, 1962 (as amended).

A bailiff may serve an order of a Court on a person either through personal service or substituted service. Personal service involves physically serving a court order to a person while substituted service involves pasting a court order at the last known address of the person to be served, by publication of the court order in a newspaper or through any other means provided by the Court